Physical Activity and Children

What You Should Know

Studies show that when children's exercise and fitness needs are met, children are more able to learn and achieve.

Given the growing epidemic of obesity and the link between physical activity and academic performance, parents and schools must work together to make quality daily physical education a priority in schools and to give children more opportunities to be physically active throughout the school day.

Unfortunately, the trend is that children are becoming less physically active:

1. In 1969, 42 percent of children ages 5 to 18 walked or biked to school; in 2001, only 16 percent did.

2. Almost all public elementary schools schedule physical education for their students, but only 17 to 22 percent (depending on grade level) provide physical education on a daily basis.

3. About two-thirds of young people in grades 9 to 12 are not engaged in recommended levels of physical activity. Daily participation in high school physical education classes dropped from 42 percent in 1991 to 33 percent in 2005.

4. In 2005, only about half of students in grades 9 to 12 attended physical education classes on one or more days in an average week when they were in school.

5. In 2005, more than a third of high schoolers reported watching three or more hours of television per day on an average school day.

This inactivity is not only harming children's health but affecting children's academic success. Physical activity improves children's academic performance.

6. Studies show that providing more time for physical activity (by reducing class time for academics) can lead to improved test scores, particularly in the area of mathematics.

Physical activity programs have also been linked to stronger academic achievement, increased concentration, and improved reading and writing
test scores.

8. Children who have daily physical education classes exhibit better attendance and have a more positive attitude about school.

9. Children who spend less time in other subjects in order to allow for regular physical education have been shown to do equally well or better in academic classes.

Adapted in part, with permission, from Action for Healthy Kids, "Building the Argument: The Need for Physical Education and Physical Activity in Our Schools," www.ActionForHealthyKids.org.